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AFH ch. 14.
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Commercial pilot PTS ( Multi engine land )
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Introduction / Review ( 15 minutes )
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Presentation ( 1 hour )
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Short Break
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Summary ( 15 minutes )
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Go through any questions from the
previous lesson
o
Reexplain the System voltage deal !
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The Drag curves
o
Explanation
§ Front side
§ Back side
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The four forces of flight (review)
o
Level flight is a function of
balanced power
o
Decending = Power deficit
o
Climbing = Power excess
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The Power curve
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Explanation
§ The flat spot on the top – Large airspeed change /
little VSI change
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Various speeds compared to the
power curve / Reiterating the Various speeds.
o
Vyse THE SPEED THAT GIVES YOU MINIMUM
DRAG / SINKRATE !
o
Vxse
o
Vsse
o
V l / d max
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Accelerate / stop distance ( Balanced field )
o See 14 / 7
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Single engine service ceiling /
Absolute ceiling
o
Definition
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Loss of one engine ( NO CORRECTION
MADE )
o What happens when one engine fails….
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Yaw towards the failed engine ( Force depends on engine power )
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Bank towards the Failed engine
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Side slipping – INCREASING DRAG A LOT !
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Airspeed dropping fast !
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300 fpm loss of VSI
o Critical engine
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Definition
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Asymmetric torque
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Spiraling slipstream
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Corrective action when one engine
lost – GO TO Vy IMMEDIATELY !
o Rudder / Yaw aginst the working engine (
Force depends on airspeed )
§
Only rudder produces a sideslip
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The danger of a rudder stall
o Aileron / Bank against the Working engine
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How the bank affects the yawing action
·
More bank = less rudder/ YAW required but vorse
climbrate
o Combining The Rudder and Aileron
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Set the bank angle, and produce ZERO slip with
the rudder!
USE 0.5 BALL TOWARDS THE WORKING ENGINE IF NO STRING
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Slipstring theory - Stepping away from the
string
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How the inclimometer works in non level flight.
o Climb performance
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Max climbrate compared to level flight ( Level
= 0 ground )
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200 / 1200 = 85 % loss of CLIMB PERFORMANCE
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Drag elements ( At ZERO sideslip )
o Flaps
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Explation of the effect of flaps
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Incidence – Airfoil ( Stall speed )– Washout –
Drag – Trim
§ Drag at various flap
settings
·
10 = - 50 fpm
·
25 = - 150 fpm
· 40 = - 300 fpm
o Landing gear
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Drag compared with Flap
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Around 200 fpm increase
o Prop feathering
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- 200 fpm
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Vmc factors ( 14 / 3 AFH )
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Vmca
(Certification elements )
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Altitude
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Banking towards the good engine
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CG location
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Weight
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Landing gear
o Use of flaps
o Feathering
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Vy IMMEDIATELY after engine failure !
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Bank Into the working engine
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ZERO sideslip using slip string or BALL ( 0,5
ball towards the working engine )
o Balancing torques
o Back / front side of power curve
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Effect
on stability
POSITIVE STATIC
NEUTRAL STATIC
NEGATIVE STATIC